PSY 301, Introductory Psychology, 2004, Exam 3 :: UTEXAS Texas Psychology

Answers at bottom of test Exam 3 –November 8, 2004 1. Joleen’s friends describe her as being emotionally reserved most of the time but also able to become extremely angry every once and awhile. When she is angry at one of her friends, she usually does not confront them with her problem and instead behaves in a cold and distant manner. Sometimes, however, she will blow up in anger at them a week or two later. Which of the following would most likely be Freud’s evaluation of Joleen? a. Freud would claim that she is engaging in sublimation behaviors to protect herself. b. He would categorize her as anal expulsive and claim that it is due to unresolved issues she had during her anal stage of life. c. Freud would call her phallic defensive because of the conflicts she had with her parents between the ages of 3 and 5 (possibly even sexual abuse). d. He would say that she is obsessed with oral sensations, like talking, because she developed normally through the oral stage of life. e. Freud would claim that she is in love with her father. 2. What aspect of personality has been found to be a reliable predictor of marital dissatisfaction, poor reports of health, and depression? a. introversion b. low openness c. extraversion d. low agreeableness e. neuroticism 3. Lexi and Petri are identical twins who were separated at birth and grew up with very different families. Lexi is a skilled student who has three close friends and a loving boyfriend. Her adoptive family had difficulties accepting her when she was an infant and never really appreciated her until she reached puberty. Petri is also a good student and is very well liked in her sorority. Her adoptive family adored Petri until the family dissolved in a messy divorce when Petri was 16. Based on the core model of personality, who probably has higher self esteem, Lexi or Petri? 1. Lexi, because having a significant other (her boyfriend) is the most important thing for self esteem. 2.

Volcanoes: Volcano and Lava Acidic Lava

A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot magma, volcanic ash and gases to escape from below the surface. The lifespan of a volcano can be about from a few months to a million years. A very popular way of classifying the volcanoes based on the frequency of their eruptions. Magma is molten rock within the earth’s crust. When magma erupts through the earth’s surface it is called lava. Lava can be thick and slow-moving or thin and fast-moving. Rocks also come from volcanoes in other forms, including ash (finely powdered rock that looks like dark smoke coming from the volcanoes), cinders (bits of fragmented lava), and pumice (light-weight rock that is full of air bubbles and is formed in explosive volcanic eruptions – this type of rock can float on water). The largest volcano on the earth is Mauna Loa located in Hawaii. This volcano is about 10,000m from the sea floor to the summit. It rises 4000m above sea level. The most active volcano is Mount St. Helens located in Washington state. TYPES OF VOLCANOES 1. Active volcanoes . Dormant volcanoes 3. Extinct volcanoes ACTIVE VOLCANOES Volcanoes which erupt frequently are called active volcanoes. Active volcanoes are those which erupted lava, gases, pumice, cinder etc in the recent historic periods. Presently there are about 500 active volcanoes around the earth of which most of them are located in the pacific ring of fire. E: g Mauna Loa which erupted recently in Hawaii in the year 1984. Augustine volcano which is located in Alaska and erupted in the year 1991. Mount St. Helens in Washington which erupted from 1980-1986 and again in the year 2004. PACIFIC RING OF FIRE WHERE MAJORITY OF THE EARTH’S VOLCANOES ARE LOCATED. DORMANT VOLCANOES It is normally difficult to distinguish dormant and extinct volcanoes from each other. Dormant volcanoes are those which erupted in the past and are likely to erupt again after remaining inactive for fairly long periods. These volcanoes are also called sleeping volcanoes which may become active once again. Volcanoes are becoming dormant because the earth’s plates are continuously shifting above volcanic hotspots. Each time the hotspot reaches the surface, it creates a new volcano. The tectonic plate continues to shift above the hotspot, and eventually the volcano is shut off from the magma chamber beneath. And so the magma finds a new source to the surface, creating a new active volcano. The older volcano stops erupting and becomes dormant. E: g Mount Rainer in Washington, Mount Fujiyama on Honshu, in Japan and Mount Etna in Greece. Mount Fujiyama, Japan EXTINCT VOLCANOES Extinct volcanoes are ones which scientists consider unlikely to erupt again, because the volcano has no lava supply. Extinct volcanoes are those which were active in the remote geological periods. It’s very hard to differentiate between extinct and dormant volcanoes. For example Mount Vesuvius hadn’t erupted in a very long that the Romans of the 79 A. D. had no warning of its eruption, and no defense against its destruction of the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii. E:g Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Mount Warning in Australia, Elburus in Russia. Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania TYPES OF ERUPTIONS 1. CONICAL VOLCANO 2. SHIELD VOLCANO Conical Volcanoes The most common type of eruption takes at a point on the earth’s surface. Magma and other materials get erupted through a narrow conduit or pipe and get accumulated around the point of eruption. Such accumulation of erupted materials leads to formation of a conical hill. Shield Volcanoes A second type of eruption takes place along a narrow fissure in the crust. Large quantities of magma are erupted and these spread over a large area. The magma gets solidified as thick sheets of lava to form extensive lava plateau e. g. Deccan plateau, Idaho Plateau in the USA. LAVA Lava is the word for magma (melted rock) which comes out of the volcano onto the earth’s surface. When lava comes out, it cools and forms rocks. On the basis of composition of lava it is divided into two basic types of lava. Lava is exactly the same thing as magma, except magma is found inside the volcano. The form of the cone depends on the type of lava which comes out of that particular volcano. TYPES OF LAVA 1. Acidic lava 2. Basic lava ACIDIC LAVA – Acidic lava comes from the composite cones, it is slow moving and viscous. The acid lava cone has a narrow base, but it is high with conical shape. Acidic lava is rich in Silica but poor is iron and magnesium. It has a low density but, high melting point. When the volcano erupts with a heavy explosion, this type of lava forms high, steep-sided cones and solidifies in the vent, which in turn creates a plug through which it may erupt again. An example of an acid lava dome is Mount Lassen in California. Mount Lassen, California BASIC LAVA – It is the hottest lava at about 1000 degrees Celsius and is highly fluid. It is normally dark in color like basalt it is rich in iron and magnesium but poor is silica. It is not very explosive and flows quietly at about a speed of 10 – 20 km/hr. When the lava is basic in composition it flows down the slope of land and gets solidified away from the vent. In such cases, the volcanic cone obtains a broad summit with gentle slopes around it, these are called lava shields because the shape of the volcano looks like a shield lying on the ground. OTHER FEATURES OF VOLCANOES CRATERS – Craters are formed when a volcano erupts explosively, a portion of the summit gets blown off to form a depression called a crater, crater lakes are also results of volcanic activities. Crater Lake, Kutmai national Park CALDERA – In some volcanoes, the summit of the volcano blows up during a violent explosion resulting in the formation of a large depression called a Caldera. Some calderas are occupied by large lakes. In the state of Oregon, United States, there is a large caldera which has a diameter of 9km. Calderas are normally considered to be large than a crater. INTRUSIVE VOLCANIC FORMS Intrusive igneous landforms result from the cooling and crystallization of magmas beneath the surface, followed by erosion of overlying rock so that the intrusive landform is exposed at Earth's surface. The study of intrusive landforms is important in that rocks contained within them provide important information about internal earth igneous processes which cannot be directly observed. . Batholiths – Typically, are composed of multiple smaller intrusive bodies containing a variety of igneous rock types. They are gigantic intrusions of coarse grained igneous mass formed when a huge reservoir of magma cools and solidifies in an irregular shape. They form the core of old mountains. They are dome-shaped with no definite base. Smaller versions of batholiths are als o called stocks or bosses. 2. Stocks – It is an irregular igneous intrusion of magma, usually an offshoot of a batholith. 3. Sills – These are intrusions of magma/lava of horizontal shape which get solidified between layers of horizontal sedimentary rock. They form terraces or benches on hill-slopes. 4. Laccoliths – similar to a sill but magma collects as a lens shaped mass that arches the overlying layers upward. Magma viscosity is slightly higher than that for a sill. 5. Dykes – It is a sheet like intrusive body. They are normally vertical in shape. They are usually narrow but may extend several kilometers in length. Dykes are more resistant, because of their igneous origin.

Essay on Effect of Marijuana on American Society - 1226 Words

The effect of Marijuana on American Society has been a highly popularized point of concern and discussion for many years. This topic has become more frequent in the past months as two states voters have allowed its widespread recreational and medicinal use. This research paper will focus on some of the history of marijuana, details of this drug, and conclude with my findings of why this drug has become increasingly popular which may surprise the reader. Marijuana is the most popular illegal street drug in America. It is something that has been a part of our society for many years. The name Marijuana is a Mexican term that was originally used for â€Å"low quality tobacco†. Forty eight percent of Americans have tried Marijuana and six and a†¦show more content†¦Even former President Bill Clinton admitted to trying this drug (Lavender). In November 2012, Washington and Colorado became the first states to allow its recreational use. Marijuana however can still be obtained for medical use in eighteen other states. It is popular with cancer patients who suffer from pain or nausea caused by chemotherapy. It is estimated that 22 million pounds of marijuana are grown in America every year. According to martherjones.com, â€Å"80% comes from California, Tennessee, Kentucky, Hawaii, and Washington† (Harkinson). California is one of the most popular states for growing Marijuana due to its year round temperature, water availability, and sunshine. During the California grow season, outdoor â€Å"grow operations† alone consume 60 million gallons of water a day. Indoor â€Å"grow operations† account for 9% of electricity used by a household. According to NORML, enforcing marijuana prohibition costs taxpayers an estimated $10 billion annually, and results in the arrest of more than 740,000 individuals per year. The majority of the arrested were charged with possession of marijuana, while 91,593 were charged with sales/manufacturing. Marijuana based medications were available until 1942, when marijuana was taken away from the U.S. Pharmacopeia. Medical marijuana can be effective against the symptoms of cancer, HIV/AIDS, and other medical conditions (drugabuse.gov). However, some argue that it is not safe to use, not FDAShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana1163 Words   |  5 PagesMary Jane, Aunt Mary, MJ, Pot, Bud, Purp, Marijuana all nicknames for cannabis has been cultivated since the 1600s. Marijuana accounts for the most commonly used illegal drug. The criminalization of marijuana has resulted in many arrests, drug convictions, and harsh sentences that are truthfully unwarranted. It naturally grows in the ground just like aloe vera and daisies do, but it is not harmful like poison ivy or tobacco. Unlike to cocaine and heroin which are man-made substances that have harmfulRead MoreToday More And More States Are Passing Ballot Initiatives1546 Words   |  7 Pagesmedical and or recreati onal marijuana legal. The progressive figures of our country continue to pitch this faà §ade that this plant is completely harmless and can be financially rewarding to states who collect tax revenue from this Schedule I drug. Fellow drugs in this class include: heroin, LSD, MDMA, and bath salts. Some have an affinity to argue that this classification is unreasonable and outdated; however, when the factual evidence is displayed one can easily see why marijuana has no place being movedRead MoreThe Top Ten Reasons Marijuana Should Be Lega1264 Words   |  6 PagesTen Reasons Marijuana Should Be Legal Prohibition hasnt stopped the use and domestic production of marijuana -- its time everyone faced this. September 1, 2007   |          LIKE THIS ARTICLE ? Join our mailing list: Editors note: There are millions of regular pot smokers in America and millions more infrequent smokers. Smoking pot clearly has far fewer dangerous and hazardous effects on society than legal drugs such as alcohol. Here is High Timess top 10 reasons that marijuana should be legalRead More The Benefits of Medical Marijuana Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesshown to produce less harmful effects than its other legal counterparts such as alcohol and tobacco. This kind of information calls into sharper focus the question on the minds of many as to why such a plant that is not only less harmful than legal drugs but has significant health benefits has remained illegal. People all over the world, continue to be tendered prescription medication, which in many cases further complicate health issues with its myriad of side effects. In fact, statistics haveRead MoreThe Marijuana Controversy816 Words   |  4 PagesThe Marijuana Controversy The General perspective that society throws on marijuana is that equal to any drug; negative. However, many researchers have found that the effects of marijuana for medicinal purposes can be beneficial to the right patients, as well as the United States government. The negative effects from marijuana use in a medicinal environment are far less than that of most over the counter drugs, while the benefits remain the same. There are instances in which marijuana was legalizedRead MoreEssay on Against Medical Marijuana1413 Words   |  6 Pagessome controversy concerning smoking marijuana as a medicine. Many well-intentioned leaders and members of the public have been misled by the well-financed and organized pro-drug legalization lobby into believing there is merit to their argument that smoking marijuana is a safe and effective medicine. A review of the scientific research, expert medical testimony, and government agency findings shows this to be erroneous. There is no justification for using marijuana as a medicine. Read MoreMarijuana Should be Legalized for Medical and Recreational Use1742 Words   |  7 Pagesacross medical marijuana while trying to research JJ’s problems and after discussing it with his doctors decided to give it a try. She took him off all his medications and put the marijuana in a muffin in amounts prescribed and monitored by the doctor. JJ’s behavior issues declined almost immediately. He is polite, eager to learn and interacts well with teachers and students at school. Now he talks through his questions and problems instead of acting out due to frustration. Marijuana has been usedRead More Legalization of Marijuana Should Not Happen Essays954 Words   |  4 Pages The legalization of marijuana is a very controversial issue that is being debated across the United States. In the article Going to Pot?, by Damon Linker, Linker attempts to persuade readers that legalizing of marijuana can cause m ore harm than help. This publication was released in November of 2001. Although two other writers, Richard Lowry and Andrew Sullivan, try to change readers beliefs Linker maintains his stance against marijuana. Without discrediting their facts he explains and defendsRead MoreMarijuana Legalization1424 Words   |  6 PagesLegalization of Marijuana Marijuana is the most common drug in America and all over the world. It is legalized in some countries, but most countries prohibit its use. It has proven medical abilities and was used for this purpose for a while before being federally criminalized. The United States has been debating on the legalization of marijuana with some states supporting the move and others against it. (10 Facts About Marijuana) Despite all these debates, the legalization of marijuana is the betterRead MorePositive Effects on The Legalization of Marijuana1710 Words   |  7 PagesPositive Effects on The Legalization of Marijuana The legalization of marijuana will bring in much needed revenue to the US economy through tax revenue, the creation of jobs, decrease in the number of those incarcerated for marijuana possession, and help treat various health conditions that would otherwise cause an enormous amount of pain. Although marijuana is often looked down upon as a Schedule I illegal drug, this medicinal plant has been around for more than a decade and has been used for more

Teen Depression Is It Really Doing What It Should

Depression is a prodigious issue in today’s society and is especially prevalent in teens. According to teen depression statistics, around 20% of teens have or are currently experiencing depression symptoms. And that doesn’t include self- harm or suicide/attempted suicide. Because depression is becoming such a major issue, antidepressant prescription has skyrocketed; but is it really doing what it should? If antidepressant use is increasing, why are the numbers of depressed teens growing or remaining the same? I believe that though antidepressants can be helpful in some cases, they tend to cause more side effects and problems in the long run. Alternative options have been proven to work just as well without the incredibly surprising and potentially serious side effects of antidepressant drugs. When antidepressants were first introduced, they were seen as a miracle drug for those struggling with depression; an amazing and innovative â€Å"happy pill† for those who were clinically depressed. In their beginnings as new drugs, they were not prescribed unless necessary. These days, however, antidepressants are prescribed at even the possibility of even depression symptoms. I have a friend, Tiffany, (not her real name) who told me about a time she went to the doctor and was prescribed antidepressants simply because she sometimes felt sad. Doesn’t this seem like overkill? Everyone feels sad sometimes; and though that can occasionally be a precursor to depression, it seemsShow MoreRelatedTeen Depression : The Problem Of Teenage Depression, And Teen Suicide721 Words   |  3 PagesTeen depression is a definite topic most people are unaware of and depression is a worldwide issue and is the leading disability. Depression can lead to many things, from anxiety to thoughts of suicide. Things like social media is a big cause of depression. Everyone has those days where they are feeling sad or maybe even just having a bad day. Sometimes, i t goes even more downhill. When it turns into something major, it becomes a real problem. Some people ignore the issue, brushing it off as a â€Å"phaseRead MoreThe Good, The Bad, And The Ugly : Sides Of Social Media Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pageseverything celebrities are doing from social media and their perfect snap chat stories. Along with every good thing in the world, technology has it’s downsides. One downside is the negative effects social media gives off. Cyber bullying is more prominent in today s world since smartphones have advanced and 73% of teens have access to them on a daily basis. At least 52% of young people are victims of cyber bullying; all of this negativity on social media leads teens to depression, loss of academic successRead MoreDon t Let It Eat You On The Inside1531 Words   |  7 Pagesyou keep it all to yourself (PictureQuotes).† Many parents forget how difficult a teenagers life can be and if there is something hurting the teen on the i nside that teen is going to think twice before saying anything to their parents because they feel like there parents just wouldn’t understand them. Many teens feel like keeping their emotions and depression on the inside will help but in reality they need that support of a parent to guide them and be able to have someone that unconditionally understandsRead MorePersuasive Essay : Should School Start Later?1342 Words   |  6 PagesSchooling is the basis for one to find a job in which they can excel later in life. Without school, many are left scrambling to find a high enough paying job in order to make ends meet. The amount of schooling a person has acquired sets the bar for what kind of life they are eager to make for himself or herself. The people who want to succeed highly in life spend over a decade of their life going to school in order to earn diplomas and degrees. The degrees that one gains helps to set up their entireRead MoreCauses of Teenage Depression1538 Words   |  7 Pagesbooklet or website or whatever they list depression among the side effects of cancer. But, in fact, depression is not a side effect of cancer. Depression is a side effect of death (â€Å"The Only Thing Worse†).† Occasional bad moods or acting out is to be expected, but depression is something different. Depression can destroy the very essence of a teenager’s personality, causing an overwhelming sense of sadness, despair, or anger (â€Å"A Guide for Parents†). The depression rate in the teen’s generation is risingRead MoreDepression And Bipolar Support Alliance993 Words   |  4 Pages Depression is a leading cause of death among adolescents- So why aren’t we doing more about it? â€Å"Experts estimate that 5% of all adolescents will suffer from depression. Unfortunately, only 20% of depressed adolescents are appropriately diagnosed and treated† (DBSA). A depressive disorder is a disease that affects mood, thoughts and behavior. It is also the reaction of the human to the unfavorable surroundings or environment. DBSA otherwise known as Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance statesRead MoreTeen Depression : Can We Save Our Teens? Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesFernando Velarde English 1020 Ms. Campbell 28 November 2016 Research Paper: Teen Depression how can we save our teens Depression, the dark illness of the mind that grabs you by the throat controlling what you need to do and to say. In this dark state of mind no joy goes through a person, no matter how hard they try it will not penetrate the soul. Suffocating in thoughts of sadness, hopelessness, and anger presses your mind including torturing your soul on a daily bases. I know I haveRead MoreTeen Depression : Causes And Effects Of Teenage Depression1074 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage Depression Hopeless, lonely, insecure, empty, suicidal; these are all words that people hope never come out of a teenager’s mouth, but sadly they do often. Many teenagers struggle with depression on a daily basis. The severity of depression ranges anywhere from crying every night to attempting suicide. About 3.5 million teenagers suffer from depression and about 3 million of them think about committing suicide each year (Martin 6). There is a huge increase of teen depression, especially inRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Teen Depression1117 Words   |  5 PagesTeenage depression Teen depression ultimately impacts this society generation . Recognizing the signs and diagnostics that could prevent teenagers with this mental illness. , Be aware there are several different types of depression . Teens from one or more types. Teenage depression is becoming a problem in today’s society. However, Depression, it’s a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and lost of interest also called clinical depression, it’s affectsRead MoreNegative Effects Of Teen Depression1437 Words   |  6 PagesTeen depression ultimately impacts this society generation . Recognizing the signs and diagnostics that could prevent teenagers with this mental illness. , Be aware there are several different types of depression . Teens from one or more types. Teenage depression, it’s becoming a problem in today’s society. However, Depression, it’s a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and lost of interest also called clinical depression, it’s affects how you feel , think , and

Women s Rights Of Women - 1546 Words

Nepal In 2008, post the major changes in law in Nepal, which mandated that at least 33% of electoral Candidates overall were to be women, the country became the first in Asia to pass the 30% mark for women parliamentarians. Women won 197 (32.8%) of 601 seats. But it had taken a great deal of work, activism, training and lobbying.UNIFEM, in partnership with the National Commission for Women and local NGOs, boosted efforts that contributed to this historic representation of women. With support from the German government, Nepal‟s Making Politics Work with Women program supported capacity building of female and male members of the Constituent Assembly, and continuous advocacy with various subcommittees for the inclusion of gender and women‟s rights concerns within the draft Constitution. Partnerships with the UN Democracy Fund program focused on capacity-building of women candidates for office, and elected leaders, and for the training of media on gender issues, and civic education to promote women‟s participation in constitutional reform. The strategy advocated for quotas for women at all levels of government. A consensus was built with women‟s groups, political parties, civil society, and government ministries on a new draft Constitution incorporating gender equality considerations. The program publicized women‟s contribution to political and peace processes through advocacy tools, including a documentary on Women’s Role on Peace and Politics and radio jingles. Informational,Show MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesa myriad of women have expressed through outlets such as public assemblies, literature, and speeches. There have been three waves of the women’s movement, each targeting a variety of issues within each era. The third wave was in 1995, where Hillary Clinton spoke in Beijing, China, claiming that women’s rights were the same as human rights, that every aspiring girl deserved the civil liberties that every man was given around the world. Moreover, the movement had shifted towards women in developingRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1265 Words   |  6 Pagesstands in the way of women being equal to men? Journalist Carlin Flora suggests the following, â€Å"While not all claims to humanity are universal and no one context, culture or continent can truly represent all peoples, the following three examples from very different contexts, cultures and continents show that some violations of women’s human rights are universal. In particular, it is still the case the world over that a woman’s reproductive rights, which impact on her right to life, are still seenRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women881 Words   |  4 PagesTwenty –first century ladies are discovering it a daunting task to keep up both sexual orientation parts as an aftereffect of the women s activist development. They are presently assuming liability for both the supplier and the nu rturer, battling like never before to acquire and keep a superior personal satisfaction. Woman s rights has supported in equivalent vocation opportunity, battling to get ladies acknowledged into the employment advertise, and what initially began as ladies strengtheningRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early 1920’s, women thought they had achieved the unachievable. They could finally work, keep their earned wages, marry whomever they please, and even vote. After reaching their goal and fighting vigorously, women could taste equality and the freedom they deserved. While women still have the right to work in today’s society, women are not exactly treated equal in the workplace. Regardless of the past and the extreme measures taken to ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, there are manyRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1590 Words   |  7 Pagesthe 1920s, women were ignored in every aspect of their life. From politics, to soci al situations, women were constantly looked at as lesser. The 20s was a decade of women ready to fight for their rights. From gaining social freedoms, to getting political rights, the 20s was the first decade of feminism. Many women played key roles in the fight for women s rights through speeches, marches, and much more. The women that fought for their rights in the 1920s completely changed how women live their livesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1230 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage has stretched from the 1800’s to present day, as women have struggled to have the same civil and constitutional rights as men in politics and be appreciated as equals in the workforce. Groups of women known as suffragists questioned the customary views of women’s roles. Eventually our nation has evolved and realized that male-controlled societies suppress women’s rights. From the beginning steps taken in 1850 to 2013 with women earning combat roles in the military, women’s rolesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1206 Words   |  5 Pagesto speak of women and the role of women in this election, the subject of women is tiresome but necessary in a world where gender is still existent as an obstacle for most. I cannot identify what woman is. I am basing my definition from our modern understanding of woman, our general view, and the popular experience. People are using younger women voting for Bernie Sanders as proof of gender’s irrelevant in this election, that women have achieved their rights. Even if women ‘have rights now’ it doesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1393 Words   |  6 Pages Women all over the world are being treated different than men. Iran is one of the places that women are being treated the worst. From restrictions to punishments, women in Iran are being treated with no respect, and that is not okay. Women’s rights activists have tried to get it to change, and have traveled to many places to try and get more people to join their movement. There are many issues with women not having the same rights as men. One of the main problems is that they are treated lessRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1272 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, women have fought a strenuous battle for equal rights. Many men, and even some women, all over the world believe that women do not share the same value and importance to society as men do. On September 5, 1995, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 4th World Conference on Women, on behalf of women all over the world. Clinton raised awareness on how women s rights are being violated and why it is important to recognize women s rights as equal to everyone else’s rights. Even today, in 2016Read MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe family has traditionally been the basic unit of Chinese society where women have long been charged with upholding society s values in their roles as wives and mothers. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, women were required to balance society s i deals with the reality of raising a family and maintaining a household. Throughout the imperial period and into the beginning of the twentieth century, the relationship among family members was prescribed by Confucian teachings. The revered philosopher

Brave New World Diction Essay Free Essays

Chapter 3, pages 34-35 Brave New World Diction â€Å"Main Day-shift off duty†¦.. ’I shall make a point of going,’ said Henry Foster. We will write a custom essay sample on Brave New World Diction Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now † In chapter 3 of Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World, many things are revealed about hot the society in this novel functions. It shows more about the work that the people do and how the society functions. Huxley uses repetition and descriptive diction to provide a deeper look into the society that is shown in this passage. In one paragraph, one specific word helps to clarify the meaning of the repetition of the word â€Å"whisk†. While talking about history, the Controller states that â€Å"History is bunk† to the students. In context, bunk is taken to mean nonsense, or unimportant. It serves the authors purpose by revealing more about the society in this passage. History is irrelevant to the alphas. The word â€Å"bunk† further helps to explain the diction in the next paragraph of this passage. The word â€Å"whisk† is repeated twelve times in one paragraph. It is used to describe how easily history is wiped away and forgotten. It even shows that music and feelings such as passion are gone. The repetition of the word â€Å"whisk† is fundamental in illustrating how insignificant the past is to this society. The authors use of descriptive diction gives further insight about this society. The author uses words and phrases such as â€Å"tactual†, â€Å"Embryo Store†, and â€Å"Psychology Bureau† among many others. This is significant because it illustrates how technologically advanced the society in this passage is. This passage reveals that society has completely disregarded history and advanced in the scientific field. The author uses the word â€Å"forbidden† to describe poetry books and religious books such as the Bible. This further develops the society as a society where feelings evoked by poetry and religious faith are frowned upon. As this passage demonstrates, history and literature have been removed from this society. History and literature are subjects that connect people, and tie them together, but without them, this passage shows that this society is very advanced in the field of science. This society is clearly appalled by life led by their ancestors. They have effectively gotten rid of history, and any feeling that helps them make lasting connections to other people. Through the use of descriptive diction, the authors purpose of providing insight into this society is fully accomplished. The diction in this passage illustrates how dynamic the society in this novel is. This society revolves around science, and wants nothing to do with the past. This passage provides very important insight into how this society functions, and the structure of the society. The author successfully achieves his purpose through the use of repetition and expressive diction. How to cite Brave New World Diction Essay, Essay examples

Psychophysiological Insomnia Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.

Question: Discuss about the Psychophysiological Insomnia. Answer: Background Psychophysiological Insomnia is nowadays a common problem where the patient tries to focus on sleep but worries about not getting adequate sleep, which might affect their next day. Earlier it was assumed that maladaptive learning and irregular sleep hygiene are the primary causes of psychophysiological Insomnia. According to a publication by the Association of sleep disorders centres in 1979, this type of insomnia is due to various factors acting simultaneously such as chronic factor, negative sleeping condition and somatized tension anxiety. According to the cluster analysis of Laar and Pevernagie et al. (2015), psychophysiological insomnia can be identified on the basis of polysomnographic variables, sleep history and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. In an Australian study, Psychophysiological Insomnia can be caused with a minimum of 17 hours of sleep deprivation and thus is a significant issue within the scope of community health management. Clinical/ Behavioural Features The patients with suspected psychophysiological insomnia mostly report that they get better sleep outside than at home. They often complain of being light sleepers and can hear everything going on around them during sleep time. Most of the patients find it difficult to fall asleep through the night and waking up early in the morning (van de Laar, Pevernagie, van Mierlo Overeem, 2015). Increased agitation and anxiety during sleeping time with constant worry about sleep is their common distention. People facing this problem tend to be tired airing the whole day and take the help of coffee or other drinks to remain active through the day. They are often unable to take naps in their own beds and are to sleep in others bed or hotel (Richardson, Gradisar Barbero, 2016). Importantly, there exists no explanation of above-mentioned clinical features in terms of the medical, psychological, or neurological concept that can justify the conditions. On the other hand, this is also caused by substance abuse during intoxication, sustained use, and withdrawal (Harada, 2015). Diagnostic Features The diagnostic criteria used by doctors for detecting primary insomnia is the set framed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, containing five defined criteria (Richardson, Gradisar Barbero, 2016). Firstly, suffering from non-restorative sleep for minimum 1 month, secondly, due to irregularity in sleeping, social, occupational and other functioning areas gets disturbed. The third criterion defines the occurrence due to breathing related sleep disorder or parasomnia, fourthly, sleeping disturbance occurs due to other mental disorder like depression, and anxiety. Lastly, it is not under the influence of any substance or medication (Perciaccante Coralli, 2016). The standard tests included in psychophysiological Insomnia treatment includes (1) thyroid function tests and (2) Blood alcohol levels. In addition to this, test related to neuroimaging studies that can reflect presence of structural lesion to cause insomnia; sleep diary questionnaire to describe sleep cycl e among the patient, actigraphy activity monitoring during sleep and waking periods, and multiple sleep latency test to determining duration of sleep, activity period, and efficiency of sleep are also essential diagnostic tools to identify the insomnia features in the patients (Sweetman, 2016). Epidemiology In an Australian survey, it has been reported that women are mostly affected by this problem than men, and it is quite uncommon in children (infant to the early teenage stage). The adults mostly and even some teenagers are the typical patients of psychophysiological insomnia in which anxiety, substance use, and physiological disability or discomfort are essential factors (Kingsbury, Buxton and Emmons, 2014). The prevalence of insomnia in Australia is reflective to affect 13-33% of adult population among which more than 50% of patients are comorbid with depression. Likewise, compared to Whites, Blanks are nearly twice likely to report insomnia conditions. Likewise, related to non-Hispanic Whites, the Hispanic White population are also likely to report insomnia. On the other hand, the sleep disorder is also found to be higher in low-income and minority groups which are attributed to the social factors. Among the global statistics, the African American and Hispanic groups are found to h ave the highest report for psychophysiological insomnia (Kingsbury, Buxton and Emmons, 2014). Pathophysiology Psychophysiological Insomnia may be caused due to bad sleeping behaviour like drinking alcohol, taking sleeping pills, and staying in bed despite being wide awake may sometimes lead to undermining sleep. Sometimes these bad behaviour also continue during the daytime, as due to lack of sleep daytime seems tired (Shekleton, 2014). Some people take the help of caffeine all over the day but are aware of the fact that it will remain in their system for hours and lead to psychophysiological insomnia. In other cases, the neurological imaging is also revealed the presence of structural lesion that can attribute to the pathophysiology. Other than this, substance abuse, disturbed environmental condition like noise, pollution, and light may retain the alertness in an individual that causes insomnia (Shekleton, 2014). Treatment Treatment of Psychophysiological Insomnia includes the combination of all the mentioned procedures. (1) A psychotherapist or sleep specialist helps in assisting the Cognitive Behavioural therapy (CBT), which aims to transmit the thoughts that weaken sleeping ability. Some4 of the forms of CBT include relaxation training, stimulus control, sleep restriction and biofeedback. (2) Good Sleeping hygiene involves the avoidance of caffeine after noon time and consuming alcohol before four hours of bedtime. (3) Certain sleeping medication as per doctors prescription such as Hypnotics is used to cure depression and also enhance sleeping ability (Richardson, Gradisar Barbero, 2016). In addition to this, sleep restriction therapy and relaxation therapy are also effective in which the time spent by the patient on sleep will be limited as a result of which the sleep onset on subsequent nights can be resumed. Likewise, in relaxation theory, measures like progressive muscle relaxation, biofeedback, and imagery training and thought to stop are effective (Kodsi Kennedy, 2015). Implication Psychophysiological Insomnia has particular health consequences like mood disorders, major depression disorder, anxiety disorder, substance abuse disorder, and medical disorder. There is a relationship between sleep and immunity as lack of sleep results in a change of the innate immunity and also reduces natural killer cell activity (van de Laar, Pevernagie, van Mierlo Overeem, 2015). Even the sleep disorder leads to decrease in ability to handle irritations and thus reduces enjoyment with family, friends and social life. The major implication of psychophysiological insomnia is that it affects the daytime arousal and performance of the individual. This included lack of focus, poor attentiveness, impaired decision making, and lack of energy in all the physical activity. Even it leads to a reduction of job satisfaction and production and results in poorer performance score and increased absenteeism (Perciaccante Coralli, 2016). Overall, the condition is found to be deteriorating of t he individual in terms of its involvement within the family, at the workplace, as well as in terms of deteriorating mental health conditions. References: Harada, D., Yamadera, W., Sato, M., Iwashita, M., Aoki, R., Obuchi, K., ... Nakayama, K. (2015). Effects of two?session group cognitive behavioral therapy for psychophysiological insomnia: A preliminary study.Sleep and Biological Rhythms,13(4), 348-356. Kingsbury, J. H., Buxton, O. M., Emmons, K. M., Redline, S. (2013). Sleep and its relationship to racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease.Current cardiovascular risk reports,7(5), 387-394. Kodsi, A., Kennedy, G. A. (2015). An investigation of sleep and mood factors as predictors of insomnia and the effects of insomnia severity on cognitive performance.The Time of Your Life. Australasian Chronobiology Society, Melbourne, Australia, 5-11. Laar, M., Pevernagie, D., Mierlo, P. V., Overeem, S. (2015). Psychiatric comorbidity and aspects of cognitive coping negatively predict outcome in cognitive behavioral treatment of psychophysiological insomnia. [Assessed from https://repository.ubn.ru.nl/handle/2066/153762 Dated 06 Mar 2017]. Perciaccante, A., Coralli, A. (2016). Franz Kafka's insomnia and parasomnias.The Lancet Neurology,15(10), 1014. Richardson, C. E., Gradisar, M., Barbero, S. C. (2016). Are cognitive insomnia processes involved in the development and maintenance of delayed sleep wake phase disorder?.Sleep medicine reviews,26, 1-8. Shekleton, J. A., Flynn-Evans, E. E., Miller, B., Epstein, L. J., Kirsch, D., Brogna, L. A., ... Lockley, S. W. (2014). Neurobehavioral performance impairment in insomnia: relationships with self-reported sleep and daytime functioning.Sleep,37(1), 107. Sweetman, A., Lack, L., Catcheside, P., Antic, N., Chai-Coetzer, C. L., Smith, S., ... McEvoy, R. D. (2016). 4. Centre for Accident Research Road Safety, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4000 5. Thoracic Program, The Prince Charles Hospital, QLD, Australia, 4032. van de Laar, M., Pevernagie, D., van Mierlo, P., Overeem, S. (2015). Psychiatric comorbidity and aspects of cognitive coping negatively predict outcome in cognitive behavioral treatment of psychophysiological insomnia.Behavioral sleep medicine,13(2), 140-156.